133 lines
4.5 KiB
Markdown
133 lines
4.5 KiB
Markdown
Longitudinal Dataset of Psychological Variables Influencing AI Perception and Usage
|
|
====================================================
|
|
|
|
This file contains documentation about a collaborative longitudinal study
|
|
conducted at the Leibniz-Institut für Wissensmedien (IWM), Tübingen, within the
|
|
project Human Machine Communication (HMC).
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Abstract
|
|
|
|
Since the emergence of large language models (LLMs) in 2022, generative
|
|
artificial intelligence (AI) has rapidly expanded into mainstream applications,
|
|
leading, for example, to the integration of Apple Intelligence into customer
|
|
devices in 2024. This integration into personal technology marks a significant
|
|
shift and a further reduction in barriers to use, bringing advanced AI
|
|
capabilities into everyday devices and making them accessible to private
|
|
individuals. Thus, the use of generative AI--consciously or unconsciously--along
|
|
with interaction through LLM-powered (voice) assistants and engagement with
|
|
AI-generated content is expected to increase significantly. However, data that
|
|
link this usage to psychological variables and track it over time remain scarce.
|
|
This longitudinal study comprises the data from an US-American sample across six
|
|
waves at two-month intervals between September 2024 and July 2025. It examines
|
|
user behavior, attitudes, knowledge, and perceptions related to generative AI.
|
|
Thus, this data set allows for future research on psychological and behavioral
|
|
dynamics of AI use over time, offering insights into user engagement and the
|
|
individual factors connected to it.
|
|
|
|
## Citation
|
|
|
|
- Please cite the following preprint, when reusing the data
|
|
|
|
> Henestrosa, A., Anders, G., Ehrhardt, N., Faller, A. C., Hampel, N., Ivan, I.
|
|
> V., Klein, S. H., Luther, T., Prentice, M., Sarigül, B., Utz, S., &
|
|
> Wickelmaier, N. (2026). Longitudinal dataset of psychological variables
|
|
> influencing AI perception and usage. OSF.
|
|
> https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/qdfeg_v1
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Project status
|
|
|
|
- Data collection is finished
|
|
- Data analysis for several work packages in progress
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Contributors
|
|
|
|
- Anna Christina Faller, a.faller@iwm-tuebingen.de
|
|
- Angelica Henestrosa, a.henestrosa@iwm-tuebingen.de
|
|
- Büsra Sarigül, b.sariguel@iwm-tuebingen.de
|
|
- Gerrit Anders, g.anders@iwm-tuebingen.de
|
|
- Irena Vanessa Ivan, v.ivan@iwm-tuebingen.de
|
|
- Nora Hampel, n.hampel@iwm-tuebingen.de
|
|
- Mike Prentice, mprent08@gmail.com
|
|
- Nico Ehrhardt, n.ehrhardt@iwm-tuebingen.de
|
|
- Sonja Utz, s.utz@iwm-tuebingen.de
|
|
- Stefanie Klein, s.klein@iwm-tuebingen.de
|
|
- Teresa Luther, t.luther@iwm-tuebingen.de
|
|
- Nora Wickelmaier, n.wickelmaier@iwm-tuebingen.de
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Waves
|
|
|
|
The waves were collectec over the following dates:
|
|
|
|
* Wave 1: 2024-09-03
|
|
* Wave 2: 2024-11-06 - 2024-11-21
|
|
* Wave 3: 2025-01-08 - 2025-01-22
|
|
* Wave 4: 2025-03-05 - 2025-03-19
|
|
* Wave 5: 2025-05-07 - 2025-05-20
|
|
* Wave 6: 2025-07-02 - 2025-07-18
|
|
|
|
|
|
## ChatGPT versions during data collection
|
|
|
|
* May 2024: ChatGPT with GPT-3.5
|
|
* Dec 2024: ChatGPT with GPT-4o and GPT-4o mini
|
|
* May 2025: ChatGPT with GPT-4.1
|
|
* Aug 2025: ChatGPT with GPT-5 and GPT-5 mini (after data collection)
|
|
|
|
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ChatGPT#Model_versions
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Folder structure and files
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
data
|
|
|-- 01_project_management
|
|
| |-- workpackages
|
|
| | |-- workpackages.md
|
|
|-- 02_material
|
|
| |-- AI_Trends_Wave1_Survey.pdf
|
|
| |-- AI_Trends_Wave2_Survey.pdf
|
|
| |-- AI_Trends_Wave3_Survey.pdf
|
|
| |-- AI_Trends_Wave4_Survey.pdf
|
|
| |-- AI_Trends_Wave5_Survey.pdf
|
|
| |-- AI_Trends_Wave6_Survey.pdf
|
|
|-- 03_data
|
|
| |-- 01_raw_data
|
|
| | |-- anonymization.R
|
|
| |-- 02_anonymized_data
|
|
| | |-- cleaning.R
|
|
| |-- 03_cleaned_data
|
|
| | |-- csv
|
|
| | | |-- HMC_wave1_cleaned.csv
|
|
| | | |-- HMC_wave2_cleaned.csv
|
|
| | | |-- HMC_wave3_cleaned.csv
|
|
| | | |-- HMC_wave4_cleaned.csv
|
|
| | | |-- HMC_wave5_cleaned.csv
|
|
| | | |-- HMC_wave6_cleaned.csv
|
|
| | |-- item_reference.md
|
|
| |-- 04_preprocessed_data
|
|
| | |-- csv
|
|
| | | |-- HMC_wave1_preprocessed.csv
|
|
| | | |-- HMC_wave2_preprocessed.csv
|
|
| | | |-- HMC_wave3_preprocessed.csv
|
|
| | | |-- HMC_wave4_preprocessed.csv
|
|
| | | |-- HMC_wave5_preprocessed.csv
|
|
| | | |-- HMC_wave6_preprocessed.csv
|
|
| | |-- excel
|
|
| | | |-- HMC_wave1_preprocessed.xlsx
|
|
| | | |-- HMC_wave2_preprocessed.xlsx
|
|
| | | |-- HMC_wave3_preprocessed.xlsx
|
|
| | | |-- HMC_wave4_preprocessed.xlsx
|
|
| | | |-- HMC_wave5_preprocessed.xlsx
|
|
| | | |-- HMC_wave6_preprocessed.xlsx
|
|
| | |-- database_api_reference.md
|
|
| | |-- hmc_data.sqlite
|
|
| |-- HMC_codebook.xlsx
|
|
| |-- README.md
|
|
|-- README.md
|
|
```
|
|
|