482 lines
16 KiB
R
482 lines
16 KiB
R
# 09_user-navigation.R
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#
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# content: (1) Read data
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# (1.1) Read log event data
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# (1.2) Extract additional infos for clustering
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# (2) Clustering
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# (3) Fit tree
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# (4) Investigate variants
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#
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# input: results/haum/event_logfiles_2024-02-21_16-07-33.csv
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# output: results/haum/eventlogs_pre-corona_case-clusters.csv
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#
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# last mod: 2024-03-06
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# setwd("C:/Users/nwickelmaier/Nextcloud/Documents/MDS/2023ss/60100_master_thesis/analysis/code")
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library(bupaverse)
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library(factoextra)
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#--------------- (1) Read data ---------------
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#--------------- (1.1) Read log event data ---------------
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load("results/haum/eventlogs_pre-corona_cleaned.RData")
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# Select one year to handle number of cases
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dat <- dat[as.Date(dat$date.start) > "2018-12-31" &
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as.Date(dat$date.start) < "2020-01-01", ]
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#--------------- (1.2) Extract additional infos for clustering ---------------
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datcase <- aggregate(cbind(distance, scaleSize, rotationDegree) ~
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case, dat, function(x) mean(x, na.rm = TRUE), na.action = NULL)
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datcase$length <- aggregate(item ~ case, dat, length)$item
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eventtab <- aggregate(event ~ case, dat, table)["case"]
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eventtab$nmove <- aggregate(event ~ case, dat, table)$event[, "move"]
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eventtab$nflipCard <- aggregate(event ~ case, dat, table)$event[, "flipCard"]
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eventtab$nopenTopic <- aggregate(event ~ case, dat, table)$event[, "openTopic"]
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eventtab$nopenPopup <- aggregate(event ~ case, dat, table)$event[, "openPopup"]
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topictab <- aggregate(topic ~ case, dat, table)["case"]
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topictab$artist <- aggregate(topic ~ case, dat, table)$topic[, 1]
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topictab$details <- aggregate(topic ~ case, dat, table)$topic[, 2]
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topictab$extra_info <- aggregate(topic ~ case, dat, table)$topic[, 3]
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topictab$komposition <- aggregate(topic ~ case, dat, table)$topic[, 4]
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topictab$leben_des_kunstwerks <- aggregate(topic ~ case, dat, table)$topic[, 5]
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topictab$licht_und_farbe <- aggregate(topic ~ case, dat, table)$topic[, 6]
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topictab$technik <- aggregate(topic ~ case, dat, table)$topic[, 7]
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topictab$thema <- aggregate(topic ~ case, dat, table)$topic[, 8]
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datcase <- datcase |>
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merge(eventtab, by = "case", all = TRUE) |>
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merge(topictab, by = "case", all = TRUE)
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rm(eventtab, topictab)
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datcase$ntopiccards <- aggregate(topic ~ case, dat,
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function(x) ifelse(all(is.na(x)), NA,
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length(na.omit(x))), na.action =
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NULL)$topic
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datcase$ntopics <- aggregate(topic ~ case, dat,
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function(x) ifelse(all(is.na(x)), NA,
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length(unique(na.omit(x)))), na.action =
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NULL)$topic
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datcase$nitems <- aggregate(item ~ case, dat, function(x)
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length(unique(x)), na.action = NULL)$item
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datcase$npaths <- aggregate(path ~ case, dat, function(x)
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length(unique(x)), na.action = NULL)$path
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datcase$vacation <- aggregate(vacation ~ case, dat,
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function(x) ifelse(all(is.na(x)), 0, 1),
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na.action = NULL)$vacation
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datcase$holiday <- aggregate(holiday ~ case, dat,
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function(x) ifelse(all(is.na(x)), 0, 1),
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na.action = NULL)$holiday
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datcase$weekend <- aggregate(weekdays ~ case, dat,
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function(x) ifelse(any(x %in% c("Saturday", "Sunday")), 1, 0),
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na.action = NULL)$weekdays
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datcase$morning <- aggregate(date.start ~ case, dat,
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function(x) ifelse(lubridate::hour(x[1]) > 13, 0, 1),
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na.action = NULL)$date.start
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dat_split <- split(dat, ~ case)
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time_minmax_ms <- function(subdata) {
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subdata$min_time <- min(subdata$timeMs.start)
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if (all(is.na(subdata$timeMs.stop))) {
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subdata$max_time <- NA
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} else {
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subdata$max_time <- max(subdata$timeMs.stop, na.rm = TRUE)
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}
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subdata
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}
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# TODO: Move to helper file
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dat_list <- pbapply::pblapply(dat_split, time_minmax_ms)
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dat_minmax <- dplyr::bind_rows(dat_list)
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datcase$min_time <- aggregate(min_time ~ case, dat_minmax, unique)$min_time
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datcase$max_time <- aggregate(max_time ~ case, dat_minmax, unique)$max_time
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datcase$duration <- datcase$max_time - datcase$min_time
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datcase$min_time <- NULL
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datcase$max_time <- NULL
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check_infocards <- function(subdata, artworks) {
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infocard_only <- NULL
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if(any(unique(subdata$item) %in% artworks)) {
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infocard_only <- FALSE
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} else {
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infocard_only <- TRUE
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}
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as.numeric(infocard_only)
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}
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# TODO: Move to helper file
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artworks <- unique(dat$item)[!unique(dat$item) %in% c("501", "502", "503")]
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datcase$infocardOnly <- pbapply::pbsapply(dat_split, check_infocards, artworks = artworks)
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# Clean up NAs
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datcase$distance <- ifelse(is.na(datcase$distance), 0, datcase$distance)
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datcase$scaleSize <- ifelse(is.na(datcase$scaleSize), 1, datcase$scaleSize)
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datcase$rotationDegree <- ifelse(is.na(datcase$rotationDegree), 0, datcase$rotationDegree)
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datcase$artist <- ifelse(is.na(datcase$artist), 0, datcase$artist)
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datcase$details <- ifelse(is.na(datcase$details), 0, datcase$details)
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datcase$extra_info <- ifelse(is.na(datcase$extra_info), 0, datcase$extra_info)
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datcase$komposition <- ifelse(is.na(datcase$komposition), 0, datcase$komposition)
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datcase$leben_des_kunstwerks <- ifelse(is.na(datcase$leben_des_kunstwerks), 0, datcase$leben_des_kunstwerks)
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datcase$licht_und_farbe <- ifelse(is.na(datcase$licht_und_farbe), 0, datcase$licht_und_farbe)
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datcase$technik <- ifelse(is.na(datcase$technik), 0, datcase$technik)
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datcase$thema <- ifelse(is.na(datcase$thema), 0, datcase$thema)
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datcase$ntopics <- ifelse(is.na(datcase$ntopics), 0, datcase$ntopics)
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datcase$ntopiccards <- ifelse(is.na(datcase$ntopiccards), 0, datcase$ntopiccards)
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cor_mat <- cor(datcase[, -1], use = "pairwise")
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diag(cor_mat) <- NA
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heatmap(cor_mat)
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normalize <- function(x) {
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(x - min(x)) / (max(x) - min(x))
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}
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# TODO: Move to helper file
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# Features for navigation types for MTT:
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# - Scanning / Overviewing:
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# * Proportion of artworks looked at is high
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# * Duration per artwork is low: "ave_duration_item" / datcase$duration
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# - Exploring:
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# * Looking at additional information is high
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# - Searching / Studying:
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# * Proportion of artworks looked at is low
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# * Opening few cards
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# datcase$nflipCard / mean(datcase$nflipCard) or median(datcase$nflipCard) is low
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# * but for most cards popups are opened:
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# datcase$nopenPopup / datcase$nflipCard is high
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# - Wandering / Flitting:
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# * Proportion of moves is high
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# * Duration per case is low:
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# datcase$duration / mean(datcase$duration) or median(datcase$duration)
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# * Duration per artwork is low: "ave_duration_item" / datcase$duration
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dattree <- data.frame(case = datcase$case,
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PropItems = datcase$nitems / length(unique(dat$item)),
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SearchInfo = datcase$nopenTopic + datcase$nopenPopup,
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PropMoves = datcase$nmove / datcase$length,
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PathLinearity = datcase$nitems / datcase$npaths,
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Singularity = datcase$npaths / datcase$length
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)
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dattree$SearchInfo <- ifelse(is.na(dattree$NumTopic), 0, dattree$NumTopic)
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get_centrality <- function(case, data) {
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data$start <- data$date.start
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data$complete <- data$date.stop
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alog <- activitylog(data[data$case == case, ],
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case_id = "case",
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activity_id = "item",
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resource_id = "path",
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timestamps = c("start", "complete"))
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net <- process_map(alog, render = FALSE)
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inet <- DiagrammeR::to_igraph(net)
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#c(igraph::centr_degree(inet, loops = FALSE)$centralization,
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# igraph::centr_degree(inet, loops = TRUE)$centralization,
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# igraph::centr_betw(inet)$centralization)
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igraph::centr_betw(inet)$centralization
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}
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# TODO: Move to helper file
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centrality <- pbapply::pblapply(dattree$case, get_centrality, data = dat)
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centrality <- do.call(rbind, centrality)
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# save(centrality, file = "results/haum/tmp_centrality.RData")
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#load("results/haum/tmp_centrality.RData")
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dattree$BetweenCentrality <- unlist(centrality)
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# Average duration per item
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dat_split <- split(dat[, c("item", "case", "path", "timeMs.start", "timeMs.stop")], ~ path)
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dat_list <- pbapply::pblapply(dat_split, time_minmax_ms)
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dat_minmax <- dplyr::bind_rows(dat_list)
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tmp <- aggregate(min_time ~ path, dat_minmax, unique)
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tmp$max_time <- aggregate(max_time ~ path, dat_minmax, unique, na.action = NULL)$max_time
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tmp$duration <- tmp$max_time - tmp$min_time
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tmp$case <- aggregate(case ~ path, dat_minmax, unique)$case
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dattree$AvDurItem <- aggregate(duration ~ case, tmp, mean)$duration
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rm(tmp)
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# Indicator variable if table was used as info terminal only
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dattree$InfocardOnly <- factor(datcase$infocardOnly, levels = 0:1,
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labels = c("no", "yes"))
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# Add pattern to datcase; loosely based on Bousbia et al. (2009)
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dattree$Pattern <- "Dispersion"
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dattree$Pattern <- ifelse(dattree$PathLinearity > 0.8 & dattree$Singularity > 0.8, "Scholar",
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dattree$Pattern)
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dattree$Pattern <- ifelse(dattree$PathLinearity <= 0.8 &
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dattree$BetweenCentrality > 0.5, "Star",
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dattree$Pattern)
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dattree$Pattern <- factor(dattree$Pattern)
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# TODO: Get rid of PathLinearity and Singularity as features when I am
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# using Pattern?
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dattree$PathLinearity <- NULL
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dattree$Singularity <- NULL
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dattree$BetweenCentrality <- NULL
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summary(dattree)
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plot(dattree[, -1], pch = ".")
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par(mfrow = c(2,4))
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hist(dattree$AvDurItem, breaks = 50, main = "")
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hist(dattree$NumItems, breaks = 50, main = "")
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hist(dattree$NumTopic, breaks = 50, main = "")
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hist(dattree$NumPopup, breaks = 50, main = "")
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hist(dattree$PropMoves, breaks = 50, main = "")
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hist(dattree$PathLinearity, breaks = 50, main = "")
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hist(dattree$Singularity, breaks = 50, main = "")
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hist(dattree$BetweenCentrality, breaks = 50, main = "")
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#++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
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# Remove cases with extreme outliers
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# TODO: Do I want this???
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quantile(datcase$nopenTopic, 0.999)
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quantile(datcase$nopenPopup, 0.999)
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dattree <- dattree[!(dattree$NumTopic > 40 | dattree$NumPopup > 40), ]
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plot(dattree[, -1], pch = ".")
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par(mfrow = c(2,4))
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hist(dattree$AvDurItem, breaks = 50, main = "")
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hist(dattree$NumItems, breaks = 50, main = "")
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hist(dattree$NumTopic, breaks = 50, main = "")
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hist(dattree$NumPopup, breaks = 50, main = "")
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hist(dattree$PropMoves, breaks = 50, main = "")
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hist(dattree$PathLinearity, breaks = 50, main = "")
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hist(dattree$Singularity, breaks = 50, main = "")
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hist(dattree$BetweenCentrality, breaks = 50, main = "")
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#++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
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#--------------- (2) Clustering ---------------
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df <- dattree[, -1] # remove case variable
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# Normalize Duration and SearchInfo
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df$AvDurItem <- normalize(df$AvDurItem)
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df$SearchInfo <- normalize(df$SearchInfo)
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summary(df)
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# Look at collinearity
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cor_mat <- cor(df)
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diag(cor_mat) <- NA
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heatmap(cor_mat)
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#--------------- (2.2) Hierarchical clustering ---------------
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dist_mat <- cluster::daisy(df, metric = "gower")
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# "Flatten" with MDS
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coor_2d <- as.data.frame(cmdscale(dist_mat, k = 2))
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coor_3d <- as.data.frame(cmdscale(dist_mat, k = 3))
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# TODO: Better use MASS::isoMDS() since I am not using Euclidean distances?
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plot(coor_2d)
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rgl::plot3d(coor_3d)
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method <- c(average = "average", single = "single", complete = "complete",
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ward = "ward")
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method <- "ward"
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hcs <- pbapply::pblapply(method, function(x) cluster::agnes(dist_mat, method = x))
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acs <- pbapply::pbsapply(hcs, function(x) x$ac)
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hc <- hcs$ward
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# Something like a scree plot (??)
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plot(rev(hc$height)[1:100], type = "b", pch = 16, cex = .5)
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k <- 4
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mycols <- c("#78004B", "#FF6900", "#3CB4DC", "#91C86E")
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cluster <- cutree(as.hclust(hc), k = k)
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table(cluster)
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plot(coor_2d, col = mycols[cluster])
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legend("topleft", paste("Cl", 1:4), col = mycols, pch = 21)
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rgl::plot3d(coor_3d, col = mycols[cluster])
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table(dattree[cluster == 1, "Pattern"])
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table(dattree[cluster == 2, "Pattern"])
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table(dattree[cluster == 3, "Pattern"])
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table(dattree[cluster == 4, "Pattern"])
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table(dattree[cluster == 1, "InfocardOnly"])
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table(dattree[cluster == 2, "InfocardOnly"])
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table(dattree[cluster == 3, "InfocardOnly"])
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table(dattree[cluster == 4, "InfocardOnly"])
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aggregate(. ~ cluster, df, mean)
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aggregate(cbind(duration, distance, scaleSize, rotationDegree, length,
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nmove, nflipCard, nopenTopic, nopenPopup) ~ cluster, datcase,
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mean)
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### Look at selected cases ###########################################
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tmp <- dat
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tmp$start <- tmp$date.start
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tmp$complete <- tmp$date.stop
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alog <- activitylog(tmp[tmp$case == 24016, ],
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case_id = "case",
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activity_id = "item",
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resource_id = "path",
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timestamps = c("start", "complete"))
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process_map(alog)
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rm(tmp)
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######################################################################
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res <- merge(dat, data.frame(case = dattree$case, cluster),
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by = "case", all.x = TRUE)
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res <- res[order(res$fileId.start, res$date.start, res$timeMs.start), ]
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xtabs( ~ item + cluster, res)
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aggregate(event ~ cluster, res, table)
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# Look at clusters
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par(mfrow = c(2, 2))
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vioplot::vioplot(duration ~ cluster, res)
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vioplot::vioplot(distance ~ cluster, res)
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vioplot::vioplot(scaleSize ~ cluster, res)
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vioplot::vioplot(rotationDegree ~ cluster, res)
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aggregate(cbind(duration, distance, scaleSize, rotationDegree) ~ cluster, res, mean)
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aggregate(cbind(duration, distance, scaleSize, rotationDegree) ~ cluster, res, median)
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write.table(res,
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file = "results/haum/eventlogs_2019_case-clusters.csv",
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sep = ";",
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quote = FALSE,
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row.names = FALSE)
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save(res, dist_mat, hcs, acs, datcase, dattree, coor_2d, coor_3d,
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file = "results/haum/tmp_user-navigation.RData")
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#--------------- (3) Fit tree ---------------
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library(rpart)
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library(partykit)
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c1 <- rpart(as.factor(cluster) ~ ., data = dattree[, -1], method = "class")
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plot(as.party(c1))
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# with conditional tree
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c2 <- ctree(as.factor(cluster) ~ ., data = dattree[, -1], alpha = 0)
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plot(c2)
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#--------------- (4) Investigate variants ---------------
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res$start <- res$date.start
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res$complete <- res$date.stop
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alog <- activitylog(res,
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case_id = "case",
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activity_id = "item",
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resource_id = "path",
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timestamps = c("start", "complete"))
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trace_explorer(alog, n_traces = 25)
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# --> sequences of artworks are just too rare
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tr <- traces(alog)
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trace_length <- pbapply::pbsapply(strsplit(tr$trace, ","), length)
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tr[trace_length > 10, ]
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trace_varied <- pbapply::pbsapply(strsplit(tr$trace, ","), function(x) length(unique(x)))
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tr[trace_varied > 1, ]
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table(tr[trace_varied > 2, "absolute_frequency"])
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table(tr[trace_varied > 3, "absolute_frequency"])
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summary(tr$absolute_frequency)
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vioplot::vioplot(tr$absolute_frequency)
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# Power law for frequencies of traces
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tab <- table(tr$absolute_frequency)
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x <- as.numeric(tab)
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y <- as.numeric(names(tab))
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plot(x, y, log = "xy")
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p1 <- lm(log(y) ~ log(x))
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pre <- exp(coef(p1)[1]) * x^coef(p1)[2]
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lines(x, pre)
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# Look at individual traces as examples
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tr[trace_varied == 5 & trace_length > 50, ]
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# --> every variant exists only once, of course
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datcase[datcase$nitems == 5 & datcase$length > 50,]
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pbapply::pbsapply(datcase[, -c(1, 9)], median)
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#ex <- datcase[datcase$nitems == 4 & datcase$length == 15,]
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ex <- datcase[datcase$nitems == 5,]
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ex <- ex[sample(1:nrow(ex), 20), ]
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# --> pretty randomly chosen... TODO:
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|
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case_ids <- NULL
|
|
|
|
for (case in ex$case) {
|
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if ("080" %in% res$item[res$case == case] | "503" %in% res$item[res$case == case]) {
|
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case_ids <- c(case_ids, TRUE)
|
|
} else {
|
|
case_ids <- c(case_ids, FALSE)
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
cases <- ex$case[case_ids]
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|
|
|
|
|
for (case in cases) {
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|
|
|
alog <- activitylog(res[res$case == case, ],
|
|
case_id = "case",
|
|
activity_id = "item",
|
|
resource_id = "path",
|
|
timestamps = c("start", "complete"))
|
|
|
|
dfg <- process_map(alog,
|
|
type_nodes = frequency("absolute", color_scale = "Greys"),
|
|
type_edges = frequency("absolute", color_edges = "#FF6900"),
|
|
rankdir = "LR",
|
|
render = FALSE)
|
|
export_map(dfg,
|
|
file_name = paste0("results/processmaps/dfg_example_cases_", case, "_R.pdf"),
|
|
file_type = "pdf",
|
|
title = paste("Case", case))
|
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|